Apposition and Content Clauses After Nouns

What you’ll learn

Distinguish naming, content, and relative relationships.

បែងចែកការដាក់នាមបន្ថែម ខ្លឹមសារ និង relative clause។

Meaning and use

Apposition places noun phrases together to identify or explain a referent. A content clause after a noun gives the content of an idea, claim, or fact. A relative clause modifies a noun and contains a role linked to that noun. Compare the claim that he left with the claim that he made.

Apposition ដាក់កន្សោមនាមក្បែរគ្នាដើម្បីសម្គាល់។ Content clause ប្រាប់ខ្លឹមសារនៃ claim ឬ idea។ Relative clause ពង្រីកនាម ហើយមានតួនាទីក្នុងឃ្លាភ្ជាប់ទៅនាមនោះ។

Grammar patterns

Pattern	Example or form
Apposition	Maly, our new editor, reviewed it.
Content versus relative	the claim that he left / the claim that he made

Examples

1. Dara, the project coordinator, called today.

   ដារ៉ា អ្នកសម្របសម្រួលគម្រោង បានទូរស័ព្ទថ្ងៃនេះ។

2. The idea that we could finish early appealed to us.

   គំនិតថាយើងអាចបញ្ចប់មុនពេលបានទាក់ទាញយើង។

3. The news that the school would reopen spread quickly.

   ដំណឹងថាសាលានឹងបើកឡើងវិញបានផ្សាយលឿន។

4. The news that she shared was encouraging.

   ដំណឹងដែលនាងចែករំលែកគួរឱ្យលើកទឹកចិត្ត។

Everyday conversation

Dara: Is that always a relative pronoun?

Maly: No. In the claim that he left, it introduces the content of the claim.

Common mistakes

Instead of	Use	Why
Maly, our new editor reviewed it. (supplementary apposition)	Maly, our new editor, reviewed it.	A supplementary appositive in mid-sentence needs a closing comma.
The fact which she was absent worried us. (content meaning)	The fact that she was absent worried us.	That introduces the content; which cannot supply this content-clause role.

Practice

Try these questions before opening the answers. Write or say each answer.

សាកល្បងឆ្លើយសំណួរទាំងនេះជាមុនសិន មុននឹងបើកមើលចម្លើយ។ អ្នកអាចសរសេរ ឬនិយាយចម្លើយរបស់អ្នក។

1. Classify: the rumour that she had resigned.
2. Classify: the rumour that she denied.
3. Add supplementary apposition: Dara reviewed the report. Dara is our editor.

Answers and explanations

Show answers / បង្ហាញចម្លើយ

1. A content clause.

   The clause states what the rumour says.

2. A relative clause.

   That fills the object role after denied.

3. Dara, our editor, reviewed the report.

   The appositive identifies Dara and is enclosed in commas.

Quick recap

• Apposition: Maly, our new editor, reviewed it.
• Content versus relative: the claim that he left / the claim that he made